arXiv:2610.30383v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: NIST standardised ML-KEM and ML-DSA in 2024 for post-quantum key establishment and digital signatures. Both compute forward number-theoretic transforms (NTTs) on secret polynomials. Published attacks zero every fixed multiplier, or twiddle, during Kyber key generation with a single fault, or individual twiddles in one Dilithium signing variant; countermeasures detect or mask these faults.

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