arXiv:2609.32134v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: When a language-model audit finds no leak, what is needed to certify non-leakage? We study guarantees over a declared prompt domain under an executable leakage criterion and decoding rule. For general bounded polynomial-time evaluators, a supplied leaking execution is polynomial-time checkable, while leak existence is \NP-complete and deterministic certification is \coNP-complete.
Checking Leakage Witnesses versus Certifying Bounded Non-Leakage
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